Autophagy: a protective mechanism against nephrotoxicant-induced renal injury

Kidney injury molecule-1: a tissue and urinary biomarker for nephrotoxicant-induced renal injury.

Nephrotoxicity is a common side effect of therapeutic interventions, environmental insults, and exposure to toxicants in the workplace. Although biomarkers for nephrotoxicity are available, they often lack sensitivity and are not specific as indicators of epithelial cell injury. Kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) is a type 1 membrane protein with extracellular immunoglobulin and mucin domains. Th...

Kidney Injury Molecule -1 (Kim-1): A Tissue and Urinary Biomarker for Nephrotoxicant-Induced Renal Injury

Role of FOXO1 in aldosterone-induced autophagy: A compensatory protective mechanism related to podocyte injury

This study was undertaken to elucidate whether and how autophagy was regulated in aldosterone (Aldo)-induced podocyte injury and to examine its role in this model both in vitro and in vivo. In cultured podocytes, Aldo increased autophagy flux as indicated by the enhanced expression of LC3-II/LC3-I and the reduction of p62. Autophagy induction with rapamycin (RP) provided a cytoprotective effect...

Antioxidant properties of repaglinide and its protections against cyclosporine A-induced renal tubular injury

Objective(s): Repaglinide (RG) is an antihyperglycemic agent used for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. It has a good safety and efficacy profile in diabetic patients with complications in renal impairment and is an appropriate treatment choice, even for individuals with more severe degrees of renal malfunctions. The aim of the present study was to examine the protective...

Biliary bicarbonate secretion constitutes a protective mechanism against bile acid-induced injury in man.

BACKGROUND Cholangiocytes expose a striking resistance against bile acids: while other cell types, such as hepatocytes, are susceptible to bile acid-induced toxicity and apoptosis already at micromolar concentrations, cholangiocytes are continuously exposed to millimolar concentrations as present in bile. We present a hypothesis suggesting that biliary secretion of HCO(3)(-) in man serves to pr...